Synovial joints have greater flexibility than fixed and cartilaginous joints because the bones in synovial joints are not directly joined by anything, which allows for a much greater range of motion. Unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly against each other, allowing for increased joint mobility .
The synovial joint is surrounded by a fibrous capsule that is lined with a synovial membrane. The cells of this membrane secrete synovial fluid (synovia = “a thick fluid”), a thick, slimy fluid that provides lubrication to further reduce friction between the bones of the joint. This fluid also provides nourishment to the articular cartilage, which does not contain blood vessels.
In contrast, fixed joints are immovable and are held together by fibrous connective tissue. Cartilaginous joints are slightly movable and are held together by cartilage.
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